In: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Elsevier; Accessed Oct. Ferri FF. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor Merck Manual Professional Version.
Mattke AC, ed. Common illnesses and concerns. Mayo Clinic; McInerny TK, et al. Pharyngitis and tonsillitis. American Academy of Pediatrics; Infectious mononucleosis.
Sore throat. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Larger text size Large text size Regular text size. What Is Tonsillitis? What Causes Tonsillitis? Tonsillitis is usually caused by a virus such as: adenovirus the flu Epstein-Barr virus mono Bacteria also can cause it, most commonly group A streptococcus strep throat. How Is Tonsillitis Diagnosed? How Is Tonsillitis Treated? How Can I Feel Better? How Can I Prevent Tonsillitis? To protect yourself from catching tonsillitis or to prevent passing it to somebody else: Wash your hands well and often.
If someone in your household or a friend has tonsillitis, don't use that person's cups, glasses, silverware, toothbrush, or other utensils. And if you have tonsillitis, keep your stuff separate and don't share it with anyone. Don't kiss anyone until you're completely over the tonsillitis. You should make sure to finish the entire course of antibiotics even if you begin to feel better. If your tonsillitis is caused by a viral infection, your treatment will be focused on symptom relief, for example:.
The above at-home treatment measures can also be useful for tonsillitis caused by bacterial infection. In some cases, your doctor may recommend that your tonsils be removed. While many cases of tonsillitis are mild and get better within a week, you should always seek medical attention if you or your child experience the following symptoms:.
Tonsillitis is an inflammation of your tonsils that can be caused by a viral or bacterial infection. The infections that cause tonsillitis are contagious and can be transmitted through the air or through contaminated objects. Most cases of tonsillitis are mild and will go away within a week.
If you have repeated occurrences of tonsillitis or complications due to tonsillitis, your doctor may recommend a tonsillectomy. When tonsils become infected, the condition is called tonsillitis. Learn more about tonsillitis causes, diagnosis, and treatment. Tonsillitis is more commonly seen in children, but it can occur in adults, too.
We explain the symptoms, treatment options, and when to seek help for…. Symptoms of tonsillitis The main symptom of tonsillitis is a sore throat. In some cases, the tonsils are coated or have white, pus-filled spots on them. Other common symptoms of tonsillitis include: high temperature fever over 38C Causes of tonsillitis Most cases of tonsillitis are caused by a viral infection. Viruses known to cause tonsillitis include: rhinoviruses — which cause the common cold the influenza virus parainfluenza virus — which causes laryngitis and croup enteroviruses — which cause hand, foot and mouth disease adenovirus — which is a common cause of diarrhoea the rubeola virus — which causes measles In rare cases, tonsillitis can also be caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, which causes glandular fever.
Bacterial tonsillitis Bacterial tonsillitis can be caused by a number of different bacteria, but it's usually due to group A streptococcus bacteria. How tonsillitis is spread Tonsillitis itself isn't contagious, but the infections that cause it are. Treating tonsillitis There's no specific treatment for tonsillitis and most cases get better within a week without treatment.
Self-help Over-the-counter painkillers, such as paracetamol and ibuprofen , can help relieve painful symptoms such as a sore throat. Children under 16 years of age shouldn't be given aspirin. Antibiotics Antibiotics may not be prescribed, even if tests confirm your tonsillitis is caused by a bacterial infection. The two main reasons for this are: in most cases, antibiotics won't speed up the recovery, but they can cause unpleasant side effects, such as stomach pain and feeling sick the more an antibiotic is used to treat a non-serious infection, the greater the chance it won't be effective in treating more serious infections; this is known as antibiotic resistance However, exceptions are usually made if: symptoms are severe symptoms show no sign of easing you or your child has a weakened immune system In these circumstances, a day course of penicillin is usually recommended.
Surgery Surgery to remove the tonsils is known as a tonsillectomy. You must have: a sore throat caused by tonsillitis episodes of sore throat that are disabling and stop you functioning normally seven or more well-documented, clinically significant, adequately treated sore throats in the preceding year or five or more such episodes in each of the preceding two years or three or more such episodes in each of the preceding three years Tonsillectomies are carried out under general anaesthetic , which means you'll be asleep during the procedure.
The operation can be carried out in a number of ways, as described below. Cold steel surgery — this is the most common method, where a surgical blade is used to cut the tonsils out.
Bleeding is controlled by applying pressure or the blood vessels may be sealed using heat generated by diathermy. Diathermy — a diathermy probe is used to destroy the tissue around the tonsils and to remove the tonsils.
At the same time, the heat seals the blood vessels to stop any bleeding. Coblation or cold ablation — this method works in a similar way to diathermy, but uses a lower temperature 60C.
It's considered less painful than diathermy. Lasers — high-energy laser beams are used to cut away the tonsils and seal the underlying blood vessels shut. Ultrasound — high-energy ultrasound waves are used in a similar way to lasers. You'll usually be able to leave hospital on the same day as you have surgery, or the day after. After surgery After surgery, it's likely you'll experience some pain at the site of the operation. Post-operative bleeding Bleeding at the site where the tonsils were removed is a fairly common complication of a tonsillectomy.
Extensive bleeding may need to be treated with surgery or a blood transfusion. Tweet Click here to share this page on Twitter This will open a new window. Print Click here to print this page This will open your print options in a new window. Last updated:. How can we improve this page? Email Address e. Message Maximum of characters. Send feedback. Also on NHS inform. Other health sites. Community content from Health Unlocked - This will open in a new window.
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