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Is this page useful? Maybe Yes this page is useful No this page is not useful. Thank you for your feedback. Report a problem with this page. An important use of the four groups highlighted is to allow for an examination of the disparities and differences between the towns grouped in the four categories. In our follow-up articles we will explore a range of examples of the differences in average economic and social characteristics between the four groupings of towns.
For this initial article, we show one example to illustrate the approach. Figure 3 shows the economic inactivity rate by reason for to year-olds for each of the four town groupings discussed. The data for inactivity because of long-term sickness illustrate the disparity between different towns. The data here illustrate that long-term sickness is more common in the higher deprivation towns compared with the lower deprivation towns, but it also shows slightly higher values in the residential compared with working towns for given income groups.
Another interesting finding from Figure 3 is the share of retired people among to year-olds, which is highest in the lower deprivation residential grouping of towns. Figure 3: Higher deprived areas have a higher proportion of inactivity due to long-term sickness and looking after the family Reason for inactivity, ages 16 to 64 years, England and Wales, Source: Office for National Statistics - Annual Population Survey Download this chart Figure 3: Higher deprived areas have a higher proportion of inactivity due to long-term sickness and looking after the family Image.
Figure 4 illustrates all 1, towns, showing their location and the segment they fall into based on the above analysis. Analysis of the location of the towns in the different groups shows that northern regions of England have a relatively high proportion of higher deprivation towns, both working and residential.
By contrast, the South East has a relatively high share of the lower deprivation working towns. Elsewhere, the South West region has a relatively high share of higher deprivation working towns while both the East Midlands and the West Midlands have a relatively even spread of the different types of towns. In the East of England, there is a higher share of both working groups compared with the residential groups, while the opposite is true for Wales.
The map includes urban settlements that had population, measured in the Census, between 5, and , In addition to towns, it therefore includes some large villages, small cities and other urban settlements with population within this range. The English Index of Multiple Deprivation is a measure of multiple deprivation based on combining seven distinct domains of deprivation.
WIMD is currently made up of eight separate domains or types of deprivation. Each domain is compiled from a range of different indicators. The definition of income deprivation used includes both those people that are out-of-work, and those that are in work but who have low earnings and who satisfy the respective means tests. They have been shown together on Figure 1 for ease of illustration in terms of highlighting both English and Welsh towns in the corner segments.
However, it should be noted that these IMD rankings are calculated relative to the separate English and Welsh averages and the English and Welsh scores on the horizontal IMD axis are not directly comparable. The full nine segments of the grid include a "mixed" group between "residential" and "working" and a "medium deprivation" group between "high deprivation" and "low deprivation".
The level of income deprivation in a town is calculated as the weighted average of the income deprivation scores in the LSOAs within the town. This section examines recent population and workplace employment growth across the 1, towns. In doing so, it adds some analysis of change over time to the descriptive analysis from the previous section.
Figure 5 shows a scatter plot of population growth on the vertical axis against employment growth on the horizontal axis for the period to The towns in Figure 5 are also shown in Figure 6. They have been labelled depending on whether they have had growth in employment and population; growth in either population or employment only; or declines in both.
Figure 6 shows more detail on population growth by town using the groupings described in the previous section. Figure 7: More residential towns have experienced declining populations compared with working towns Population change, England and Wales, to Source: Office for National Statistics - Mid Year Population Estimates Download this chart Figure 7: More residential towns have experienced declining populations compared with working towns Image.
Figure 7 provides more detail on employment growth by town. There was more variability in the employment change data, compared with population data, with a greater share of towns having over double the growth rate of England and Wales but also a greater share of towns experiencing an employment decline. Figure 8: Lower deprived towns have the largest share of towns, growing at twice the England and Wales average for employment Employment change in England and Wales, to Source: Office for National Statistics - Business Register and Employment Survey Download this chart Figure 8: Lower deprived towns have the largest share of towns, growing at twice the England and Wales average for employment Image.
There were many towns with strong employment growth over the period. This was particularly the case for population growth where it was the lower deprivation residential towns which had the greatest share of towns with declining population. The levels of deprivation in a town had more effect on employment growth and on population growth, with growth higher in towns with lower deprivation.
Tell us whether you accept cookies We would like to use cookies to collect information about how you use ons. Accept all cookies. Set cookie preferences. Home People, population and community Population and migration Population estimates Understanding towns in England and Wales. Understanding towns in England and Wales: an introduction The first in a series of articles that provide new data and analysis on towns in England and Wales, to help inform policy.
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